下 – Meaning, Reading & Usage

下 means ‘below,’ ‘under,’ or ‘down.’ It shows a horizontal line with a short stroke pointing downward, visually indicating something beneath a surface.

Reading

On’yomi:

カ (KA)、

ゲ (GE)

Kun’yomi:

した (shita)、

しも (shimo)、

くだ-る (kuda-ru)、

お-りる (o-riru)

Basic Information

Kanji
Meaning below, down, under
Stroke Count 3
JLPT Level N5

How to Understand This Kanji

下 can indicate physical position (under the table), direction (go down), rank (subordinate), or act as a polite prefix in some expressions. Multiple readings exist depending on context: した, しも, さ, くだ, カ, or ゲ.

Common Words


  • (した)
    — below, under, bottom

  • 地下
    (ちか)
    — underground

  • 地下鉄
    (ちかてつ)
    — subway, underground train

  • 以下
    (いか)
    — below, less than, the following

  • 下着
    (したぎ)
    — underwear

  • 部下
    (ぶか)
    — subordinate, one’s staff

Example Sentences

  • 机の下に猫がいます。

    つくえのしたにねこがいます。

    There is a cat under the desk.

  • 地下鉄に乗って行きます。

    ちかてつにのっていきます。

    I will go by subway.

  • 階段を下りてください。

    かいだんをおりてください。

    Please go down the stairs.

When Learners Usually See This Kanji

下 is always paired with 上 (up/above) in learning. The reading した is most common for ‘under/below,’ while カ/ゲ appear in compounds like 地下 (underground) and 下車 (getting off a vehicle).

Summary

下 means ‘below’ or ‘down’ and is one of the most common positional kanji, always paired with 上 (above).

Kanji
Meaning below, down, under
On’yomi カ、ゲ (KA, GE)
Kun’yomi した、しも、くだ-る、お-りる (shita, shimo, kuda-ru, o-riru)
Strokes 3
JLPT N5