下
下 means ‘below,’ ‘under,’ or ‘down.’ It shows a horizontal line with a short stroke pointing downward, visually indicating something beneath a surface.
Reading
On’yomi: カ (ka), ゲ (ge)
Kun’yomi: した (shita), しも (shimo), くだ-る (kuda-ru), お-りる (o-riru)
Basic Information
| Kanji | 下 |
|---|---|
| Meaning | below, down, under |
| Stroke Count | 3 |
| JLPT Level | N5 |
How to Understand This Kanji
下 can indicate physical position (under the table), direction (go down), rank (subordinate), or act as a polite prefix in some expressions. Multiple readings exist depending on context: した, しも, さ, くだ, カ, or ゲ.
Common Words
- 下(した / shita) — below, under, bottom
- 地下(ちか / chika) — underground
- 地下鉄(ちかてつ / chikatetsu) — subway, underground train
- 以下(いか / ika) — below, less than, the following
- 下着(したぎ / shitagi) — underwear
- 部下(ぶか / buka) — subordinate, one’s staff
Example Sentences
-
机の下に猫がいます。
つくえのしたにねこがいます。 / Tsukue no shita ni neko ga imasu.
There is a cat under the desk.
-
地下鉄に乗って行きます。
ちかてつにのっていきます。 / Chikatetsu ni notte ikimasu.
I will go by subway.
-
階段を下りてください。
かいだんをおりてください。 / Kaidan o orite kudasai.
Please go down the stairs.
When Learners Usually See This Kanji
下 is always paired with 上 (up/above) in learning. The reading した is most common for ‘under/below,’ while カ/ゲ appear in compounds like 地下 (underground) and 下車 (getting off a vehicle).
Summary
下 means ‘below’ or ‘down’ and is one of the most common positional kanji, always paired with 上 (above).