What Does 都 Mean in Japanese?
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Reading
On’yomi: ト (to), ツ (tsu)
Kun’yomi: みやこ (miyako)
Basic Information
| Kanji | 都 |
|---|---|
| JLPT Level | N4 |
How to Understand This Kanji
都 can refer to a capital city or a large urban area. It also appears in administrative names such as 東京都 and in the common word 都合, whose meaning is not directly related to cities.
Common Words
- 都市(とし / toshi) — city, urban area
- 都会(とかい / tokai) — city, urban life
- 首都(しゅと / shuto) — capital city
- 都心(としん / toshin) — city center
- 都合(つごう / tsugou) — circumstances, convenience
- 京都(きょうと / Kyouto) — Kyoto
Example Sentences
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東京は日本の首都です。
とうきょうはにほんのしゅとです。 / Toukyou wa Nihon no shuto desu.
Tokyo is the capital of Japan.
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都会の生活は便利です。
とかいのせいかつはべんりです。 / Tokai no seikatsu wa benri desu.
Life in the city is convenient.
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明日は都合が悪いです。
あしたはつごうがわるいです。 / Ashita wa tsugou ga warui desu.
Tomorrow is not convenient for me.
When Learners Usually See This Kanji
The on’yomi ト is common in 都市, 首都, and 都会. The kun’yomi みやこ refers to a capital, especially in historical or literary contexts.
Summary
都 means metropolis or capital and is useful for understanding urban, administrative, and travel vocabulary.