都 – Kanji Meaning, Reading, and Common Words

What Does 都 Mean in Japanese?

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Reading

On’yomi: ト (to), ツ (tsu)

Kun’yomi: みやこ (miyako)

Basic Information

Kanji
JLPT Level N4

How to Understand This Kanji

都 can refer to a capital city or a large urban area. It also appears in administrative names such as 東京都 and in the common word 都合, whose meaning is not directly related to cities.

Common Words

  • 都市(とし / toshi) — city, urban area
  • 都会(とかい / tokai) — city, urban life
  • 首都(しゅと / shuto) — capital city
  • 都心(としん / toshin) — city center
  • 都合(つごう / tsugou) — circumstances, convenience
  • 京都(きょうと / Kyouto) — Kyoto

Example Sentences

  • 東京は日本の首都です。

    とうきょうはにほんのしゅとです。 / Toukyou wa Nihon no shuto desu.

    Tokyo is the capital of Japan.

  • 都会の生活は便利です。

    とかいのせいかつはべんりです。 / Tokai no seikatsu wa benri desu.

    Life in the city is convenient.

  • 明日は都合が悪いです。

    あしたはつごうがわるいです。 / Ashita wa tsugou ga warui desu.

    Tomorrow is not convenient for me.

When Learners Usually See This Kanji

The on’yomi ト is common in 都市, 首都, and 都会. The kun’yomi みやこ refers to a capital, especially in historical or literary contexts.

Summary

都 means metropolis or capital and is useful for understanding urban, administrative, and travel vocabulary.